Common Impact Data Standard
type: Ontology
version IRI: https://ontology.commonapproach.org/cids/3.1.0
imports: iso21972.owl
imports: activity.owl
imports: icontact.owl
imports: organization.owl
imports: time.rdf
license: Common Impact Data Standard V3.1.0 © 2025 by Common Approach to Impact Measurement is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
creator: Common Approach to Impact Measurement
date: 06-16-2025
description: The Common Impact Data Standard (CIDS) provides a standard representation for the core concepts and attributes that underlie impact models (e.g., logic model, impact thesis, theory of change, etc.), inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes.
preferred namespace prefix: cids
preferred namespace uri: https://ontology.commonapproach.org/cids#
prior version: https://ontology.commonapproach.org/cids/3.0
version info: 3.1.0
related documentation: Common Approach to Impact Measurement (2023) “Technical Guide: The Common Impact Data Standard V3.1.0 An Ontology for Representing Impact”, Common Approach to Impact Measurement. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.7930431 https://www.commonapproach.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Common-Approach_Common-Impact-Data-Standard_Current-version.pdf

Relates To
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: cidsObjectProperty
has name: Relates To

Ethnicity
type: Class
comment: A subclass of Cultural Form for indicating a person's ethnicity, either as self-reported or as assigned by others, with accompanying context, where present, provided by race or ethnicity context annotations. Ethnicities are groups constructed on the conception of shared national, religious, geographical, racial, or cultural backgrounds or traditions, and particular ethnicities may be denigrated, lauded, or both, depending on the context. Ethnicities are shifting, historically constituted, and interestedly deployed categories whose use must be situated contextually and which are understood here finally as discursive or representational although they have real material impacts. As Angel Oquendo writes, "Despite its long ‘materialist' past in which it was taken to be synonymous with ‘race,' the concept of ethnicity as used today does appear to focus on cultural rather than on physiognomic difference." (Angel R. Oquendo, "Re-imagining the Latino/a Race" in The Latino/a Condition: A Critical Reader edited by Richard Delgado, Jean Stefancic 1998. This ontology therefore does not attempt to lay out an exact, fully defined, or mutually exclusive set of ethnic categories: this is an impossibility given their shifting use and the overlap among them and with identity categories for race, geography, and nationality, as demonstrated by Noel Ignatieve in his book How the Irish Became White (Ignatieve, 1995). Those using this class and its instances are encouraged to consult associated race or ethnicity context annotations, if available. (CWRC - https://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc.html#Ethnicity)

Gender
type: Class
comment: A subclass of cultural form for indicating a person's gender, whether attributed or self-reported, with accompanying context, where present, provided by gender context annotations. Although in popular culture gender and biological sex are conflated and understood to be binary, the concept of gender stresses the relationality, constructedness, and performativity of gendered identities and gendered behaviour, whose categories are historically contingent and shifting, and the boundaries between them blurry. Simone de Beauvoir (1973) stated "One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman," a belief that has been taken up by many other theorists of gender including Judith Butler (1990). Gender studies to date has investigated the social construction of femininity more than that of masculinity. The multi-layered constructedness of gender is also underlined by Donna Haraway who understands it as a "socially, historically, and semiotically positioned difference" (Donna Haraway, 1988). Gender is understood as fluid, situational, and sometimes plural, and it is related to, though not commensurate with, sexual identity and orientation, just as it is related to but not defined by specific forms of embodiment. Rather than seeing biological sex as a pre-social or natural given, the body is understood as a site of inscription (cf. (Elizabeth Grosz, 1994) which is also socially constructed and indeed epigenetically shaped by environmental factors (N. Katherine Hayles, 2012). As articulated by feminist neurologist Gillian Einstein, (2012)"The world writes on the body." This ontology therefore does not provide separate terms for sex as distinct from gender. Instead, it privileges terms associated with gender, recognizing that they are conventionally but not necessarily associated with sex, and that there is constant slippage between gender and sex in the way that these categories circulate through discourses, actions, and institutions. Far from indicating a universal facet of experienc…

Religion
type: Class
comment: A subclass of cultural form, this describes a person's religion(s) or belief system(s). Note that while atheism denotes the absence of religion, we use the Religion label for convenience. (CWRC - https://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc.html#Religion)

Characteristic Report
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: numberOf
  all values from: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forCharacteristic
  all values from: Characteristic
comment: The CharacteristicReport class identifies the number of members which possess a certain characteristic or set of characteristics over a period of time. The CharacteristicReport class has the following properties: forCharacteristic: Identifies the Characteristics for which the report is being generated. numberOf: Specifies the number of members which possess the Characteristic.

Stakeholder Report
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOrganization
  all values from: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forStakeholder
  all values from: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCharacteristicReport
  all values from: CharacteristicReport
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPerson
  all values from: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  some values from: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  some values from: dateTime
comment: Stakeholder data evolves over time. The StakeholderReport class is used to identify the number of stakeholders who possess certain characteristics over a period of time. The StakeholderReport class has the following properties: forStakeholder: Specifies the Stakeholders for which the report is being generated. prov:startedAtTime: Identifies the start of the time interval of the Stakeholder Report. prov:endedAtTime: Identifies the end of the time interval of the Stakeholder Report. hasCharacteristicReport: Specifies the Characteristics reports associated with the selected Stakeholders. hasPerson: Identifies the Persons who are the Stakeholder being reported upon. forOrganization: Identifies the Organization for which the Stakeholder is being generated.

Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Activity
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: subActivityOf
  all values from: Class
    union of: Activity
    union of: Service
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: canProduce
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCode
  all values from: Code
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasInput
  all values from: Input
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutput
  all values from: Output
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: partOf
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  all values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: Activity defines the actions performed by an organization and/or contributing stakeholder to implement a service. The Common Impact Data Standard’s Activity class is defined to be a subclass of the [TOVE Activity](https://ontology.commonapproach.org/foundational-ontologies.html#tove-activity), and is extended by including properties for Input, Output, and what Service or Activity it is a subActivityOf. An activity’s type is based on its outcome rather than service or input. This allows activities to be classified by the type of change they produce rather than by what resources they use (input) or who performs the activity (service). Its properties are: canProduce: Specifies the Outcome that results from performance of the Activity. It is used primarily for representing Outcome Chains. oep:partOf: Identifies the Impact Model it is a component of. hasInput: Specifies the Input to the Activity. hasOutput: Specifies the Output of the Activity. hasCode: Specifies zero or more codes created by various organizations to identify a type of Activity. E.g., ICHI – International Classification of Health Interventions activities. act:subActivityOf: Specifies the Service or Activity that this Activity is part of. hasName: Specifies a name or title for the activity. hasDescription: Specifies a description of the activity. hasIdentiifier: Specifies a unique identifier for the activity.

Alignment Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: Alignment Risk
definition: Alignment Risk considers an impact that that is not correlated with the organization's intended purpose. The probability that impact is not locked into the enterprise model.

Beneficial Stakeholder
type: Class
subclass of: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: benefitsFrom
  min qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImpactManagementNormsDefinition
  all values from: Datatype
    one of: Client
    one of: Community
    one of: Employee
    one of: Planet
    one of: Supplier
comment: A Beneficial Stakeholder is a stakeholder that benefits from an impact model’s outcome. It has the following properties: benefitsFrom: the Outcomes that confer a benefit to the Stakeholder hasImpactManagementNormsDefinition: Beneficial Stakeholders may be identified by their roles, as specified by the Impact Management Norms: customers, employees, communities, suppliers, and/or planet.

Characteristic
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: wasGeneratedBy
  all values from: Activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forStakeholder
  all values from: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCode
  all values from: Code
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasValue
  all values from: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: The Characteristic class is used to define a characteristic of a Stakeholder. It has a hasCode property, enabling the reuse of defined characteristic taxonomies, and has the following properties: forStakeholder: Identifies the Stakeholder affected. hasCode: Links to zero or more Codes that are externally defined taxonomies of Stakeholder characteristics. hasName: Specifies a name for the characteristic as a string. Can be inferred from hasCode. hasValue: Specifies a value for the characteristic as a string. It can be a number or a string corresponding to that characteristic and can be inferred from hasCode. prov:startedAtTime: The start of the time interval that the Stakeholder has the characteristic. prov:endedAtTime: The end of the time interval that the Stakeholder has the characteristic. prov:wasGeneratedBy: Identifies the activities that led to the Stakeholder having the characteristic.

Code
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: value
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: definedBy
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: codeValue
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasSpecification
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: anyURI
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  max qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: An instance of Code is used to represent a specific code in a codelist by specifying the source codelist, code definition and code identifier. It has the following properties: definedBy: The Organization that defined the code. hasSpecification: The URI where the definition of the code can be found. hasIdentifier: The code’s unique identifier. hasName: A name or title for the code. hasDescription: A description of the code. schema:codeValue: The value of the code, if appropriate. i72:value: Alternative specification of codeValue using the ISO/IEC 21972 Measure. hasIdentifier, hasName, hasDescription, and codeValue act as a cache of the equivalent information to be found in the specification of the Code referred to by hasSpecification. The following table defines the Code class.

Contributing Stakeholder
type: Class
subclass of: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: contributes
  min qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Input
comment: Contributing Stakeholder is a stakeholder that contributes input to ensure a service can produce outcomes. It has the following properties: contributes: names the Inputs contributed by the Stakeholder. Inputs are for Programs, Services, or Activities.

Counterfactual
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: located in
  all values from: Feature
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: unit of measure
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Unit of measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: value
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: wasGeneratedBy
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: Counterfactual defines what the impact on stakeholders would be if the stakeholders did not receive the service. It has the following properties: i72:located_in: Identifies the spatial location of the counterfactual. prov:startedAtTime: Identifies the start of the time interval during which the counterfactual was determined. prov:endedAtTime: Identifies the end of the time interval during which the counterfactual was determined. prov:wasGeneratedBy: An activity that describes how the counterfactual was generated. hasDescription: A string that describes the counterfactual. i72:value: A measure that specifies the value of the counterfactual. i72:unit_of_measure: Specifies the units of measure of the counterfactual.

Drop Off Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: DropOff Risk
definition: Drop-off Risk considers an impact that does not sustain a long lasting effect. The probability that positive impact does not endure and/or that negative impact is no longer mitigated.

Efficiency Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: Efficiency Risk
definition: Efficiency Risk considers an impact that could have been achieved with fewer resources or at a lower cost. The probability that the impact could have been achieved with fewer resources or at a lower cost.

Endurance Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: Endurance Risk
definition: Endurance Risk considers an impact that would be sustained for a longer period of time if the intervention was also sustained. The probability that the required activities are not delivered for a long enough period.

Evidence Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: Evidence Risk
definition: Evidence Risk considers an impact that is improperly interpreted because of the lack of high quality data that is available. The probability that insufficient high-quality data exists to know what impact is occurring.

Execution Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: Execution Risk
definition: Execution Risk considers an impact that is different than what was intended because the intervention was not delivered properly. The probability that the activities are not delivered as planned and do not result in the desired outcomes.

External Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: External Risk
definition: External Risk considers an impact that is disrupted by factors outside of the range of control. The probability that external factors disrupt our ability to deliver the impact.

Financial Input
type: Class
subclass of: Input
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasType
  all values from: Resource
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasAmount
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Class
    intersection of: Quantity
    intersection of: Unit of measure
comment: FinancialInput represents a monetary resource, with a monetary unit of measure, such as donating cash or paying off debt. Financial resource that is used as input to an activity or service. It is a subclass of Input and has the following properties: hasType: a FinancialResource object indicating the type of FinancialInput. hasAmount: a Quantity and Unit of measure indicating the amount of the FinancialResource.

Financial Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCharacteristic
  all values from: Characteristic
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
comment: An institution (public or private) that collects funds (from the public or other institutions) and invests them in financial assets. (https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/financial%20organization)

How Much Impact
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: wasGeneratedBy
  all values from: Activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCounterfactual
  all values from: Counterfactual
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: unit of measure
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Unit of measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: value
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: HowMuchImpact defines the properties common to ImpactScale, ImpactDepth and ImpactDuration: forIndicator: The Indicator used to measure the Impact (not a number value). prov:wasGeneratedBy: An Activity that can used to describe the method used to determine the impact. For example, it could be a random control trial, or estimation. hasDescription: A string that can used to provide additional information about the impact. i72:value: Links to the value of the impact specified as an i72:Measure i72:unit_of_measure: Specifies the units of measure of the impact. hasCounterfactual: Links to a Counterfactual in which the value of the counterfactual is specified as a i72:Quantity, and the source of the counterfactual is specified in a string.

Impact Depth
type: Class
subclass of: How Much Impact
comment: The degree of change experienced by the stakeholder. Depth is calculated by analysing the change that has occured between the 'Outcome level at base line' and the 'Outcome level in period'. In other words % increase in Outcome relative to baseline. Refers to indicators that measure the degree of change experienced by the stakeholders compared to some baseline determined prior to the service being provided.

Impact Duration
type: Class
subclass of: How Much Impact
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
comment: The time period for which the stakeholder experience the outcome. time:hasTime: defines the time interval for which the stakeholder experiences the outcome. Refers to indicators that measure how long the stakeholder experiences, or is likely to experience, the outcome.

Impact Model
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOrganization
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: ImpactModel provides the most basic properties: hasName: a string containing a title for the model. hasDescription: a string containing a description of the model. sch:dateCreated: a xsd:date the model was created, in the format of yyyy-mm-dd. forOrganization: an object property that links to the Organization the model is for.

Impact Pathway
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasActivity
  all values from: Activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicatorReport
  all values from: Indicator Report
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasInput
  all values from: Input
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutput
  all values from: Output
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasProgram
  all values from: Program
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasStakeholderOutcome
  all values from: StakeholderOutcome
comment: ImpactPathway is a subclass of ImpactModel. Its properties link to the main impact modelling classes used by an impact pathway and contain the properties defined in the [Impact Management Platform](https://impactmanagementplatform.org/impact/). The top-level definition of the ImpactPathway class contains the following properties: hasInput: Identifies key Inputs for the model. hasOutput: Identifies key Outputs for the model. hasActivity: Identifies key Activities of the model. hasOutcome: Identifies key Outcomes for the model. hasIndicator: Identifies key Indicators for the model. hasIndicatorReport: A set of IndicatorReports associated with this model. hasStakeholder: Identifies key stakeholders participating in the pathway. hasStakeholderOutcome: Creates stakeholder-outcome pairing. This enables disaggregated data. hasProgram: Identifies the Programs being modelled, if different than the organization.

Impact Report
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImpactRisk
  all values from: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOrganization
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOutcome
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImpactDepth
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Depth
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImpactDuration
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Duration
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImpactScale
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Scale
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasComment
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasExpectation
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasReportedImpact
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: Datatype
    one of: negative
    one of: neutral
    one of: positive
comment: The ImpactReport represents how much, contribution and risk dimensions for each StakeholderOutcome: How much of the outcome is occurring – across scale, depth and duration? Would this change likely have happened anyway? An ImpactReport has the following properties: forOrganization: Links to the Organization for whom this report is associated. prov:startedAtTime: Specifies the start of the time interval the report covers. prov:endedAtTime: Specifies the end of the time interval the report covers. forOutcome: Links to the Organization’s Outcome for whom this report is associated. hasName: Name or title of the report. hasReportedImpact: Specifies one of three values for the impact as measured – positive, negative or neutral. hasImpactScale: Specifies the number of stakeholders who experience the outcome. hasImpactDepth: The degree of difference between the assumed condition that would take place without intervention and the condition with interventions implemented on the stakeholders. hasImpactDuration: Impact Duration is the length of time that a stakeholder experiences an impact from the initial implementation. hasExpectation: A string field where any expectations that the organization has can be provided. hasImpactRisk: Links to information about Impact Risk as defined by Impact Management Norms. hasComment: A string field where any comments that the organization has can be provided.

Impact Risk
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forImpactReport
  all values from: Impact Report
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasMitigation
  all values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasConsequence
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: Datatype
    one of: average
    one of: minimal
    one of: severe
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasLikelihood
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: Datatype
    one of: highRisk
    one of: likely
    one of: lowRisk
    one of: mediumRisk
    one of: unlikely
    one of: veryLikely
    one of: veryUnlikely
comment: ImpactRisk “assesses the likelihood that impact will be different than expected, and that the difference will be material from the perspective of people or the planet who experience impact.” Stating the riskiness of the impact is important for interpreting the subsequent results. Risk is one of the five dimensions of impact as defined by the Impact Norms. The following defines the key properties of ImpactRisk and its subclasses: forImpactReport: Identifies the ImpactReport (and thus the associated StakeholderOutcome) that the risk is associated with. hasLikelihood: Identifies the likelihood that the risk will occur among the options given. hasConsequence: Identifies the degree of impact the risk could have. hasMitigation: A string that specifies a mitigation plan or references a document. hasIdentifier: A unique identifier for this risk. hasDescription: A description of this risk. Note that the subclasses of risk do not have properties that distinguish one from another. These will be provided in later versions as needed.

Impact Scale
type: Class
subclass of: How Much Impact
comment: Specifies the number of stakeholders who experience the outcome. Refers to indicators that measure the number of individuals who are affected by the social purpose organization’s outcome.

Indicator
type: Class
subclass of: Indicator
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: dataset
  all values from: Dataset
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasAccess
  all values from: Class
    union of: Organization
    union of: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCode
  all values from: Code
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCounterfactual
  all values from: Counterfactual
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasHowMuch
  all values from: How Much Impact
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicatorReport
  all values from: Indicator Report
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTarget
  all values from: Target
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: usesOutput
  all values from: Output
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: unit of measure
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Unit of measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: wasGeneratedBy
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: definedBy
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOrganization
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasBaseline
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasThreshold
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: Indicator is a subclass of i72:Indicator, which provides properties for units of measure, time and value. cids:Indicator extends the definition of i72:Indicator with the following properties: definedBy: Links to the cids:Organization that defined the Indicator. forOutcome: Links to the Outcomes the Indicator measures. forOrganization: Links to the Organization that is associated with the Indicator. usesOutput: Links the Outputs that the indicator uses in defining its value. This is useful when indicators are computed using output information. This property can be ignored if dcat:dataset is used. The more detailed specification of the definition and computation of the indicator is provided by the i72 Indicator properties. hasBaseline: Links to an i72:Measure that specifies a baseline describing the existing condition before intervention. It is used for comparison purposes. Baseline data can be measured or estimated using other datasets. It should be expressed using the same units as the Indicator. hasThreshold: Links to an i72:Measure that specifies a minimum or maximum quantity that limits which values an indicator can assume. hasTarget: Links to a Target for the Indicator to allow for the assessment of performance against a Target. i72:unit_of_measure: Specifies the units of the Indicator. prov:wasGeneratedBy: Links to a method that specifies how the Indicator was derived. dcat:dataset: Links to a dcat:Dataset that specifies the data used to derive the value if the method is Computation. hasIndicatorReport: Links to all of the Indicator Reports for this indicator. hasAccess: Links to the Stakeholders and Organizations that can read this Indicator. hasCode: Identifies the various standards/codelists that exist for a particular indicator. It supports the ability to compare an Outcome to nationally or internationally recognized by means of its indicators. hasIdentifier: Unique identifier for the Indicator. hasName: Specifies the title of the Indicator. hasDescription:…

Indicator Report
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: dataset
  all values from: Dataset
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: conformsTo
  all values from: Standard
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasQualityAnnotation
  all values from: QualityAnnotation
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasQualityMeasurement
  all values from: QualityMeasurement
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasAccess
  all values from: Class
    union of: Organization
    union of: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: unit of measure
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Unit of measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: value
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: wasGeneratedBy
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forIndicator
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOrganization
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forStakeholder
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forTarget
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Target
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasComment
  all values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
comment: IndicatorReport is used to report the value of an indicator for some time interval. In addition to the value of the indicator, it reports on when it was generated, the activity used to generate it, the datasets used, and the quality of the value reported using the DQV vocabulary (https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dqv/). It contains the following properties: forOrganization: Links to the Organization that submits the report. forIndicator: Links to the Indicator that is being reported. i72:value: Specifies a single measure of the result value. i72:unit_of_measure: Specifies a unit of measure for the result value. forTarget: Links a Target to the result value. prov:wasGeneratedBy: Links to the method by which the Indicator was derived. dcat:dataset: Links to the dcat:Dataset that specifies the datasets used to derive the value if the method is computation. prov:startedAtTime: The start of the interval that the Indicator Report covers. prov:endedAtTime: The end of the time interval that the Indicator Report covers. dqv:hasQualityAnnotation: Specifies any annotations regarding the quality of the reported indicator quantity. dqv:conformsTo: Specifies the standards that the Indicator being reported conforms to. dqv:hasQualityMeasurement: Specifies a metric that represents the evaluation of the indicator. forStakeholder: Identifies the Stakeholder affected. hasAccess: Links to the organizations that can read this Indicator report. hasName: Specifies the Indicator Report's name or title of the Indicator. hasComment: A string property in which a general comment for the report can be specified. sch:dateCreated: Is the date that the Indicator Report was created.

Input
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasContributingStakeholder
  all values from: Contributing Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: inputFor
  all values from: Class
    union of: Activity
    union of: Program
    union of: Service
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: partOf
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasActualAmount
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPlannedAmount
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasType
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Resource
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: Inputs specify the resources required by a social purpose organization to produce results (Ralser, 2008). An Input is provided by a contributing stakeholder and may come in many forms. We identify three broad categories of Input: [FinancialInput](#FinancialInput), [SkillInput](#SkillInput), and [PhysicalInput](#PhysicalInput). Properties common across all types of Input are: oep:partOf: specifies the impact models this Input is part of inputFor: identifies the Program, Service or Activity this is an input for. hasContributingStakeholder: identifies the stakeholder that contributes the resource. hasType: specifies the type of Resource by denoting the relevant subclass of Resource. hasPlannedAmount: specifies the Quantity of Input (which in turn specifies the unit of measure) planned to be used by the activity. hasActualAmount: specifies the actual Quantity of Input that was used (which in turn specifies the unit of measure). prov:startedAtTime: The start of the time interval over which the Input is provided. prov:endedAtTime: The end of the time interval over which the Input is provided. hasName: Identifies the name of the Input. hasDescription: A description of the Input.

Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Organization
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasID
  all values from: OrganizationID
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCharacteristic
  all values from: Characteristic
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasContact
  all values from: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasProgram
  all values from: Program
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasStakeholder
  all values from: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPurpose
  all values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasWebAddress
  all values from: anyURI
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: The cids:Organization class is defined as a rfds:subClassOf org:Organization which provides the basic properties related to organization structure and behavior. cids:Organization extends org:Organization with the following properties: org:hasID: Identifies one or more org:OrganizationID. It may be used to reference externally defined Organizational identifiers such as tax number. hasProgram: Identifies the Programs being modelled. hasIndicator: List of indicators associated with the Organization. hasOutcome: List of outcomes associated with the Organization. hasStakeholders: List of stakeholders associated with the Organization. hasCharacteristic: List of stakeholder characteristics associated with the Organization. hasContact: Identifies one or more contacts for the organization. hasDescription: a string that describes the Organization. hasWebAddress: a URI specifying the website for the organization. hasPurpose: text defining the purpose of the organization. sch:dateCreated: the date the Organization’s record was created. The Charity Number or Business Number of the cids:Organization is specified using the org:hasID property as defined in org:Organization below. cids:Organization reuses and extends the TOVE Organization Ontology (Fox et al., 1998). The TOVE Organization Ontology is accessible at http://ontology.eil.utoronto.ca/tove/organization.owl. The following properties of org:Organization are inherited by cids:Organization: org:hasID: Ties to a unique recognized/public identifier for the Organization, e.g. a business number, charity number, etc. ic:has Address: The main address of the Organization. org:hasLegalName: Is a string that specifies the legal name of the Organization. org:hasLegalStatus: An instance of a class that specifies the legal status of the Organization. The legal status will differ based on country. ic:hasTelephone: Main phone numbers of the Organization. org:numberOfEmployees: A non-negative integer that specifies the Organization’s number…

Outcome
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: located in
  all values from: Feature
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: canEnable
  all values from: Class
    union of: Activity
    union of: Service
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: canProduce
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forTheme
  all values from: Theme
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCode
  all values from: Code
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImpactReport
  all values from: Impact Report
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasStakeholderOutcome
  all values from: StakeholderOutcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: partOf
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOrganization
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: Outcomes are what stakeholders experience as a result of an organization’s activities. They can be positive or negative, intended or unintended. An Outcome has the following properties: hasCode: Links to zero or more Codes that are externally defined taxonomies of outcomes. hasStakeholderOutcome: Identifies the impact it has on Stakeholders. forTheme: Identifies the Themes that the Outcome aligns with (eg. UNSDG2 or "Food Security"). hasIndicator: Identifies the set of Indicators the organization assigns to the Outcome. canEnable: Links an Outcome to a Service or Activity that is made possible due to the result of the Outcome. It abstracts a more detailed specification of Activities producing States that enable other activities. canProduce: Links an Outcome to another Outcome. It abstracts the underlying activity chain that usually links one Outcome to another. i72:located_in: Identifies the spatial location the outcome is defined for. oep:partOf: Identifies the Impact Model it is a component of. hasName: string that provides a name for the Outcome. hasDescription: string that provides a description for the Outcome. hasImpactReport: Identifies the set of ImpactReports that report on the results pertaining to each Outcome. sch:dateCreated: date the Outcome was defined.

Outcome Chain
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutput
  all values from: Output
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTheme
  all values from: Theme
comment: OutcomeChain is a subclass of ImpactModel. Its properties link to instances of the main impact modelling classes it uses. The top-level definition of an OutcomeChain contains the following properties: hasOutcome: identifies key Outcomes for the model hasActivity: identifies key Activities of the model hasIndicator: identifies the key Indicators of the model

Output
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: value
  all values from: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forActivity
  all values from: Class
    union of: Activity
    union of: Service
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: canProduce
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: produces
  all values from: Resource
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: usedByIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: partOf
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: Outputs represent a quantitative summary of an activity. For example, if the activity is “we provide training,” the output is “we trained 50 people to NVQ level 3.” (Source: Social Value International, 2012.) An example of a production output would be “we produce 100 meals for people experiencing homelessness”. An output represents what has been produced and the quantity. Note: Many impact models illustrate outputs leading to outcomes. Outputs describe the quantity of activity. The Output class contains the following properties: oep:partOf: specifies the impact models this Output is part of forActivity: identifies the Activity or Service that produces the Output. canProduce: specifies the Outcomes with which the Output is associated and is used to represent Impact Pathways and Outcome Chains. i72:value identifies that amount that is produced. produces: identifies the Resource that is produced, such as a skill or a type of meal. usedByIndicator: identifies the Indicators that use this Output in determining the value of the Indicator. hasName: Identifies the name of the Output. hasDescription: A description of the Output.

Person
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasAddress
  all values from: Address
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTelephone
  all values from: PhoneNumber
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: plays
  all values from: Role
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: spouseOf
  all values from: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasEthnicity
  all values from: Ethnicity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasGender
  all values from: Gender
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasReligion
  all values from: Religion
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: parentOf
  all values from: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: formerName
  some values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasEmail
  all values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: identifier
  all values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOccupation
  all values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: birthDate
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: familyName
  max qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: givenName
  max qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: middleName
  max qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: The Person ontology pattern defines human stakeholders and the various relationships they form. The ontology can capture a great deal of detail about an individual, depending on the available data and needs of the application. A person can play a role at an organization. For any role, a person can be assigned an ID, with additional meta-data about the role they play. Properties are included for possible disabilities, disease, and immigration status, for use by the theories of change.

Physical Input
type: Class
subclass of: Input
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasType
  all values from: Resource
comment: PhysicalInput is any type of physical item, such as food, clothing, furniture, etc. Physical resource that is used as input to an activity or service. It is a subclass of Input and has the following properties: hasType: a PhysicalResource object indicating the type of PhysicalInput.

Program
type: Class
subclass of: Activity
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasBeneficialStakeholder
  all values from: Beneficial Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasContributingStakeholder
  all values from: Contributing Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImpactModel
  all values from: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasInput
  all values from: Input
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutput
  all values from: Output
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasService
  all values from: Service
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: A program defines a set of services that focus on a shared set of Outcomes. For example, a “poverty reduction program” can be made up of services such as mobiles services that provide food and clothing to those experiencing homelessness. A Program has a set of Stakeholders who may contribute or benefit. The class contains the following properties: hasService: identifies the Services that make up the Program hasName: Identifies the name of the Program. hasDescription: A description of the Program. hasOutcome: Identifies the Outcomes that the program is trying to achieve. hasImpactModel: Identifies one or more ImpactModels for the Program. hasContributingStakeholder: identifies the stakeholders that contribute to the Program. hasBeneficialStakeholder: identifies the stakeholders that benefit from the Program. hasInput: identifies the Inputs to the Program. hasOutput: identifies the Outputs of the Program.

Service
type: Class
subclass of: Activity
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasSubActivity
  all values from: Activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasBeneficialStakeholder
  all values from: Beneficial Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasContributingStakeholder
  all values from: Contributing Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasInput
  all values from: Input
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutput
  all values from: Output
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: partOf
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: beneficialSizeEnd
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: positiveInteger
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: beneficialSizeStart
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: positiveInteger
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: A Program is composed of one or more Services. As described in the Program description, a poverty reduction program can have many services with each service comprised of different activities, Inputs, Outputs and Outcomes. Service is a subclass of Activity and can be related to one or more Programs. It has the following properties: oep:partOf: Identifies the Impact Model it is a component of. hasName: Identifies the name of the Service. hasDescription: A description of the Service. act:hasSubActivity: Identifies the Activities that comprise the Service. hasInput: Identifies the Inputs to the Service. hasOutput: Identifies the Outputs of the Service. hasOutcome: Identifies the Outcomes that are specific to the Service. hasContributingStakeholder: Identifies the stakeholders that contribute to the Service. hasBeneficialStakeholder: Identifies the stakeholders that benefit from the Service. beneficialSizeStart: Number of benefical stakeholders at the beginning of the service time interval. beneficialSizeEnd: Number of benefical stakeholders at the end of the service time interval. prov:startedAtTime: The start of the time interval over which the service is provided. prov:endedAtTime: The end of the time interval over which the service is provided.

Skill Input
type: Class
subclass of: Input
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasType
  all values from: Resource
comment: SkillInput is any type of skills-based expertise such as legal, translation, carpentry, etc. Skill resource that is used as input to an activity or service. It is a subclass of Input and has the following properties: hasType: A SkillResource object indicating the type of SkillInput.

Social Purpose Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Organization
comment: A social purpose organization can be a charity, nonprofit, social enterprise, co-operative, or for profit social enterprise. In all cases, a social purpose organization is advancing a social, cultural or environmental purpose. (https://communityfoundations.ca/investment-readiness-program-glossary/)

Stakeholder
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Class
  union of: Feature
  union of: Organization
  union of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: located in
  all values from: Feature
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCharacteristic
  all values from: Characteristic
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: performs
  all values from: Activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: partOf
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Impact Model
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOrganization
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCatchmentArea
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: Datatype
    one of: global
    one of: local
    one of: multinational
    one of: national
    one of: provincial
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: A stakeholder may be an individual person, but is more often a group or category of people, an organization, or a feature. Stakeholders may be described as either contributing or beneficial stakeholders, as suggested by [Social Value International](https://www.socialvalueint.org/). Stakeholders may also be identified by their roles, as specified by the [Impact Management Norms](https://impactfrontiers.org/norms/): customers, employees, communities, suppliers, and planet. Stakeholder contains the following properties: hasName (title): A title for the stakeholder as a string. hasDescription: A general description of the stakeholder as a string. hasCatchmentArea: Specifies the regional span of the Stakeholder. hasCharacteristic: Specifies characteristics of the Stakeholder. performs: Links to the activities performed by the stakeholder. i72:located_in: Links to the specific geographic area in which the Stakeholder is located. oep:part of: Links the Impact Model that the Stakeholder is being specified for. forOrganization: Identifies the Organization which is associated with this Stakeholder.

StakeholderOutcome
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCode
  all values from: Code
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImpactReport
  all values from: Impact Report
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forOutcome
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Outcome
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forStakeholder
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: fromPerspectiveOf
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Stakeholder
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasImportance
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: Datatype
    one of: high importance
    one of: moderate important
    one of: neutral
    one of: unimportant
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: intendedImpact
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: Datatype
    one of: negative
    one of: neutral
    one of: positive
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: isUnderserved
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: boolean
comment: StakeholderOutcome specifies the outcome for a specific stakeholder, as well as properties of that outcome, such as if the stakeholder is underserved with respect to this outcome. StakeholderOutcome is not an alternative to Outcome; rather it is a specialization of a more general Outcome but for a specific stakeholder. Its properties are: hasName: A string that is name of the StakeholderOutcome. hasDescription: A string that is description of the StakeholderOutcome. hasCode: Links to zero or more Codes that are defined taxonomiesof stakeholder outcomes. forStakeholder: Identifies the Stakeholder affected. forOutcome: Identifies the more general outcome this is part of. fromPerspectiveOf: Identifies the Stakeholder who is determining the importance of the Impact. hasImportance: Specifies the nature of the importance. One of {“high importance”, “moderate important”, “neutral”, “unimportant”}. isUnderserved: A Boolean that denotes if the stakeholder is underserved in relation to their specific outcome. intendedImpact: Identifies the intended direction of the change – note that ImpactReport captures the actual direction. This helps to inform the interpretation of the ImpactReport. hasIndicator: Identifies the set of Indicators the Organization assigns to the Outcome but are specific to this Stakeholder. hasImpactReport: identifies the set of ImpactReport that report on the results pertaining to each Outcome.

Stakeholder Participation Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: StakeholderParticipation Risk
definition: Stakeholder Participation Risk considers an impact that occurs without consulting or misinterpreting a stakeholder's expectations or experience. The probability that the expectations and/or experience of stakeholders are misunderstood or not taken into account.

Standards Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Organization
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCharacteristic
  all values from: Characteristic
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIndicator
  all values from: Indicator
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasOutcome
  all values from: Outcome
comment: A standards organization, standards body, standards developing organization (SDO), or standards setting organization (SSO) is an organization whose primary function is developing, coordinating, promulgating, revising, amending, reissuing, interpreting, or otherwise producing technical standards[1] to address the needs of a group of affected adopters. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standards_organization)

Target
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: unit of measure
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: unit of measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: value
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Measure
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: forIndicatorReport
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: Indicator Report
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: dateCreated
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: endedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: startedAtTime
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasComment
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
comment: The target is used to report the target value of an indicator and/or indicator report for some time interval. In addition to the target value and time interval of the target, this class also reports the units of measure of the target, the date the target was created, the name of the target, and any comment about the target that the user may wish to add. This class contains the following properties: hasName: Specifies the Target's name. i72:value: Specifies a single measure of the Target. i72:unit_of_measure: Specifies a unit of measure for the Target. prov:startedAtTime: Specifies the start of the time interval that the Target covers. prov:endedAtTime: Specifies the end of the time interval that the Target covers. hasComment: A string property in which a general comment for the Target can be specified. sch:dateCreated: Is the date that the Target was created. forIndicatorReport: Links to the Indicator Reports which are associated with the target.

Theme
type: Class
subclass of: cidsThing
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasCode
  all values from: Code
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasName
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasDescription
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string
label: Theme
comment: The Theme class is used to represent the impact themes for which outcomes are specified. Outcomes contribute to themes. It has the following properties: hasCode: Links to zero or more Codes that are defined taxonomies of Themes. hasName: A string that provides a name for the Theme. hasDescription: A string that provides a description for the Theme. relatesTo: Links a Theme to another Theme.

Unexpected Impact Risk
type: Class
subclass of: Impact Risk
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasIdentifier
  has value: UnexpectedImpact Risk
definition: Unexpected Impact Risk considers an impact that is more significant than originally anticipated. The probability that significant unexpected positive and/or negative impact is experienced by people and the planet.

cidsThing
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: description
  all values from: string
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: dateCreated
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: dateTime
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: description
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on data range: string

Common Approach to Impact Measurement
type: NamedIndividual
type: Organization
has name: Common Approach to Impact Measurement